| The southernmost geographic section
of mainland Greece, originally the Peloponese was an island but intense
geological upheavals in the region twice united and separated it from the
mainland. Later, a drop in sea level formed the Isthmus of Corinth. This
land bridge was excavated in the late 19th century to make the Corinth canal,
making the Peloponese an island yet again.The Peloponese (Peloponissos)
is a rugged land and in its interior is highlands. The climate is purely
Mediterranean along the coast, unlike the centre which has a relatively
continental climate.A mythical land whose every corner brings to mind some
Greek myth, the Peloponnese is composed of images and music, the scents
of the sea, of the mountains, of grapes, olives and citrus. The cities,
towns and spas of the region were important centres in antiquity and remain
so today. Villages seem to grow out of the grey rock, the wild stones next
to the hostile furze. Other villages lie by the vast open sea, but everywhere
the people are welcoming, hospitable and proud.Three main road networks
lead to places with abundant physical beauty, important archaeological sites,
land and stones testifying of other eras.Arriving at Loutraki, we come to
the Isthmus, we have our first view of the Peloponese.After we have crossed
the Isthmus, we reach Corinth, a commercial centre and transport hub. At
the archaeological site of Ancient Corinth we find the ruins of the magnificent
ancient city. Roads extend among the vast olive groves, grain fields and
vegetable plots, leading to modern villages and towns, ideal resorts. From
Kiato to ancient Sikyona and from there to Stimfalia. Then on to Xilokastro
an interesting vacation spot. Deakofto is the starting point for unforgettable
excursions to historic Kalavrita, Megalo Spilaio (large cave), and the monastery
of Agia Lavra, magical train journeys through the Vouraikos gorge between
tall verdant mountains.Truly ancient Egio has a special attraction; the
monastery of Panagia Tripiti, which is built into the living rock. Pretty
pebbled beaches can be found nearby.Patras on the west coast is Greece's
gateway to the Ionian islands and Italy. Its attractive squares, neo-classical
buildings, and the ruins of a castle on top of a hill, add charm to this
working harbour city, the fourth largest in Greece. Enchanting shores drowning
in eucalyptus and bushes, indigo waters and a vast sandy beach at Kilini,
known since antiquity for its spas. Further south we encounter Pirgos, an
attractive town with the neo-classical buildings.Peaceful, serene and verdant
is ancient Olympia with the grandiose temple foundations, the colonnades,
the altars and the numerous interesting archaeological finds crowned by
that masterpiece of sculpture, the Hermes of Praxiteles.Kaifas is the next
spa, also known since antiquity, set amidst a thick pine forest. The soil
here is fertile, ideal for vineyards, olive groves and citrus fields. The
roads that lead to Byzantine monasteries, Frankish towers, ancient temples,
such as the temple of Apollo Epikourios at Vasses, and famous palaces, such
as Nestor's palace in Pylos, begin here. From here we go to Kalamata, the
capital of Messinia, with its castle of Geoffrey Villehardouin, its waterfront
lined with tavernas and pastry shops and Mt. Taygetos proudly rearing up
and while between its foothills pretty beaches can be found.From Kalamata,
the road sweeps up to Tripoli in the heart of the Peloponnese, a perfect
base for enchanting excursions to Vitina, Dimitsana, and Stemnitsa, picturesque
villages clinging to the Arcadian mountains, and to Mantineia and Lykossoura
with significant ancient ruins.Entering into Lakonia, we reach its capital,
Sparti,. To the west is the Byzantine castle state of Mystra with its incredible
churches, monasteries, palaces and mansions.Crossing the plain of Lakonia,
we come to Githio and from there to Aeropoli, the Diros caves, the traditional
settlement of Vathia. Passing through verdant landscape, steep mountains
and deep gorges which end up in clear blue sea, at pristine golden beaches
or pebbled shores, we arrive at unique Monemvassia.The north-eastern Peloponese
welcomes us at Argos, the ancient strong hold, today a point of departure
for Nauplia, the first capital of free Greece, with the Bourtzi, an islet
topped by a miniature fort, and the Palamidi rock. Ancient Tiryns and Mycenae,
the ruins of the two power centres of the ancient Mycenean world, can also
be reached from Argos.We get to Epidaurus (Epidavros) passing through pine
forests. Here, in the summer during the Epidaurus festival one can appreciate
the incredible acoustics of the ancient theatre, next to the sanctuary of
Asclepius.Apart from Epidaurus, the eastern Peloponnese has much physical
beauty on offer, at Ermionida, Porto Heli, Kosta and Galatas, from where
one easily crosses to Poros or Methana with its famous spas. |